Occupational Therapy Assistants (OTA) National Board Practice Exam

When a person changes position from supine to standing shortly after eating, postprandial orthostatic hypotension is the condition that specifically describes this scenario. This phenomenon occurs because, after eating, blood flow is redirected to the digestive system to help with the process of digestion. As a result, less blood is available to supply the brain and other parts of the body when the individual stands up quickly, which can lead to a drop in blood pressure.

In this context, it's important to understand that postprandial orthostatic hypotension is distinct from general orthostatic hypotension, which is the more broad term for a decrease in blood pressure upon standing. It specifically emphasizes the timing (after a meal) and the bodily shift of blood flow as relevant factors.

Individuals who experience this condition often report lightheadedness or dizziness upon standing, as their body is adjusting to the change in position while also managing the recent physiological demands of digestion. Understanding the interaction between digestion and blood pressure regulation is crucial for occupational therapy assistants when considering their clients’ safety and activity planning, particularly in post-meal scenarios.