Which frame of reference suggests that unresolved childhood events contribute to dysfunction?

The psychodynamic frame of reference posits that unresolved childhood events and experiences play a significant role in an individual's current psychological and functional status. This approach is rooted in the theories of Freud and subsequent psychologists who emphasized the impact of past experiences, particularly those from early development, on present behavior and mental health. In occupational therapy, this frame of reference can be utilized to explore how these early conflicts or traumas manifest as dysfunctions in daily life or occupational engagement.

By focusing on the relationship between these unresolved events and current functioning, therapists can better understand a client’s patterns of behavior, emotional responses, and coping mechanisms. This understanding can inform therapeutic interventions that aim not only to address current challenges but also to promote insight and resolution concerning past experiences.

The other frames of reference generally focus on different aspects of behavior or cognitive processes rather than the deep-seated issues related to childhood experiences. For instance, the behavioral frame of reference emphasizes the role of learned behaviors and responses to the environment. The cognitive disability frame focuses on the cognitive processes that limit functional capability without prioritizing past experiences. The cognitive-behavioral frame combines cognitive and behavioral techniques to modify dysfunctional thinking, but it does not specifically address unresolved childhood experiences as a primary causal factor in dysfunction.